"Szeretek" or "Szeretem"? – Mastering Definite and Indefinite Conjugation in Hungarian

One of the most common challenges for Hungarian learners is correctly using definite and indefinite conjugation. Especially when trying to say I like or even love you! In Hungarian, the verb conjugation not only indicates the subject but also the definiteness of the object. This can lead to confusion and mistakes. But don't let this discourage you from practicing speaking! As long as you can make yourself understood and you understand others, communication is successful. However, it's true that correct conjugation is more pleasant for native speakers. Let’s take a closer look at how this works in practice!

Indefinite Conjugation: "szeretek"

Szeretek focizni.

(I like playing soccer.) Go Hungary!

Nem szeretek olvasni.

(I don't like reading.)

Sajnos nem szeretek futni, de szeretek sétálni.

(I don't like running, but I like walking.)

Szabadidőmben szeretek táncolni.

(I like dancing in my free time.)

In all these examples, we see that the verb "szeretek" is followed by an infinitive form. This is a classic grammatical structure that's worth practicing, especially when talking about your hobbies. 

We also use the indefinite conjugation when the object of the action is general, not referring to a specific thing or person. 

Definite Conjugation: "Szeretem"

We use the definite conjugation when referring to a specific, definite object. In this case, we use the form "szeretem".

Szeretem a családomat.

(I love my family.)

Szeretem a kávét.

(I like coffee.)

Sajnos nem szeretem a zöldségeket. (Unfortunately, I don't like vegetables.)

Nagyon szeretem a csokoládét.

(I love chocolate a lot.)

In these sentences, you can see that the verb "szeretem" is always used with nouns that have a definite article (a, az), indicating a specific object.

Let’s Practice Together!

Can you come up with similar examples? Try to describe what you like to do in your free time or what specific things you enjoy. This will help you become more confident in using definite and indefinite conjugation.

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Keep practicing, and remember: the most important thing is to dare to speak!